何佳丽12，邱建生[]1*，王进1，侯娜12，侯贻菊1，徐超然1，耿阳阳12，刘亚娜12
(1.贵州省林业科学研究院，贵州贵阳 550000；2. 贵州省核桃研究所，贵州贵阳 550000）
摘 要：为研究不同包装规格的油茶籽油在食用期间的品质变化，对其酸价和过氧化值进行了测定，旨在对茶油的食用安全期限进行评估。以1L、2L、5L三个包装规格的无色聚乙烯瓶装油茶籽油为试验材料，以普通家庭日常食用过程为条件，进行抽样检测。结果表明：不同包装规格的瓶装油茶籽油在食用过程中，随食用时间的延长品质变化差异显著（P＜0.05）；1L包装的油茶籽油在整个食用期内，其酸值和过氧化值均能维持在压榨成品油国家一级标准指标范围内，品质未发生变化；2L包装的油茶籽油食用期达到2个月时，油品的质量等级下降，仅能达到压榨成品油的国家二级标准；5L包装的油茶籽油食用期超过3个月后，其油品的质量等级已超过国家规定的质量标准，出现食品安全风险。本文为普通家庭选购瓶装油茶籽油提供参考，建议消费者应参照自身家庭饮食习惯，选择适合的包装规格的瓶装茶籽油并尽快食用。
关键词：油茶籽油，不同包装规格，品质，食品安全
Quality Change of Bottled Camellia Oleifera Seed Oil in the Process of Eating
HE Jia-li12，QIU Jian-sheng1
（1.Guizhou Academy of Forestry，Guiyang 550000，China；2.Guizhou Institute of Walnut，Guiyang 550000，China）
Abstract: In this paper，according to research the quality change of camellia oleifera seed oil in different packing specifications during the process of eating， its acid value and peroxide value are measured， to evaluate the edible safety period of camellia oil. Colorless polythene bottled camellia oleifera seed oil in three packing specifications of 1L，2L and 5L is taken as the experimental material for sampling inspection under the condition of daily eating process in ordinary family.The result shows that：bottled camellia oleifera seed oil in different packing specifications is significantly different in quality change with extension of edible time（P<0.05）in the edible process; for camellia oleifera seed oil in 1L packing， its acid value and peroxide value can maintain within the national primary standard indication range of finished pressed oil，and no change occurs on the quality；for camellia oleifera seed oil in 2L packing，when its edible period reaches 2 months，the quality grade of oils declines， and may only reach the national grade II standard of finished pressed oil；for camellia oleifera seed oil in 5L packing， when its edible period exceeds 3 months， the quality grade of oils has been beyond the quality standard specified by the state， and food safety risk appears. A reference is provided for ordinary families in purchasing bottled camellia oleifera seed oil in this paper， furthermore， consumers are suggested to select bottled camellia oleifera seed oil in proper packing specification based on their dietary habit and use it as soon as possible.
Key words：Camellia oleifera oil，different packing size，quality，food safety risk
油茶(Camelliaoleifera)属于山茶科(Theaceae)山茶属(Camellia L.)植物，是我国淮河、长江及其以南地区重要的油料经济树种，是世界四大木本油料树种之一[1]。
由茶籽榨取的茶油是一种优质的木本食用植物油[2]，其不饱和脂肪酸含量高达90%以上，脂肪酸组成中的油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸三者的含量比例是食用植物油中最高的，单不饱和脂肪酸油酸的含量高达80%，亚油酸和亚麻酸的比例符合健康油脂的要求[3-7]，此外，茶油中含有橄榄油所没有的特定的生理活性物质油茶多酚和山茶甙[8]，其具有减少体内胆固醇含量，降低癌症发病率等功效[9-10]。茶油作为一种对人体健康有益的保健型营养油[11]，将随着人们对食用油脂的安全与营养功能的日益关注而越来越受到消费者的欢迎与喜爱[12]。
但由于油茶籽油中不饱和脂肪酸含量较高，在食用过程中极易发生氧化酸败，严重影响油茶籽油的品质和营养价值，并对人体的健康造成影响[13-16]。已有张智敏[17]、王亚萍[18]和张楷正[19]等人，研究了制油工艺、容器材质、光照、温度等条件对油茶籽油储存期稳定性的影响，丁明等人[20]报道了精炼茶油的酸价和过氧化值随储藏时间的延长而逐渐增长，但关于不同包装规格的茶油在开封后的日常食用过程中的品质变化情况则鲜有报道。